Subliminal Perception, Neuropsychology, and the I-Function :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Unconscious Processing: Subliminal Perception, Neuropsychology, and the I-Function In his 1957 book The Hidden Persuaders, Vance Packard warned the American public that "Large-scale efforts are being made, often with impressive success, to channel our unthinking habits, our purchasing decisions, and our thought processes... Typically these efforts take place beneath our level of awareness; so that the appeals which move us are often, in a sense, hidden" (1). Packard was convinced - perhaps rightly so - that advertisers were "professional persuaders" whose marketing techniques were deceptive and overly manipulative. Not only were advertisers becomingly increasingly adept at developing campaigns, pitches, and slogans to send specific messages to targeted consumer populations, but some had gone so far as to suggest that such messages could be effective even if they were presented below the level of conscious awareness. James Vicary, one of the market researchers and entrepreneurs profiled in Packard's book, claimed to have developed a machine capable of flashing such unnoticeable, "subliminal messages" within big screen movies. Vicary had allegedly tested his technique by altering movies so that messages urging viewers to "Eat Popcorn" and to "Drink Coke" were displayed at regular intervals throughout the film for such brief durations that they could not be consciously perceived. Vicary claimed that his subliminal messages resulted in a significant increase in sales of popcorn and coke (1). Although no experiment involving subliminal messages has ever replicated the success which Vicary claimed to have achieved and, in fact, Vicary later admitted that it had been no more than a marketing gimmick, the possibility of subliminal or unconscious perception has not been dismissed. In fact, although the use of subliminal messages is generally considered a foolish and invalid practice, the more general phenomenon of subliminal/unconscious perception deserves to be reevaluated in light of current debates surrounding the nature of consciousness. Subliminal or unconscious perception refers to the idea that stimuli presented below the threshold for conscious awareness can influence an individual's thoughts, feelings, or actions (2). The possibility that an individual can acquire and act on input without being aware of doing so has implications for the study of consciousness and the larger set of processes which characterize the I-function. It is generally assumed that that conscious perception of a stimulus is necessary in order to act on that stimulus, and this conscious decision to act is one of several processes which characterize the I-function.

Representation Of Wolves

Question : Compare and contrast the representations of wolves in Angela Carter’s â€Å"The Company of Wolves† and â€Å"Wolf Alice†. How successful do Carter’s literary appropriations demythologise gender stereotypes.IntroductionIn The Bloody Chamber (1979), Angela Carter’s short stories took a particularly conservative genre and radically subverted it for feminist purposes, deconstructing and demythologizing gender stereotypes in a very creative manner. Fairy-tales were always a very traditionalist and patriarchal literary form, first recorded by aristocratic writers in the 17th and 18th Centuries as moralistic and cautionary stories for children.Politically, their agenda was the exact opposite of Carter, whose feminist views were forged in the new social movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, none of her female heroines follow these traditional gender roles of being passive victims or the sex objects of men. In â€Å"Wolf Alice†, the nameless female heroine was raised by wolves and was therefore on outcast in human society, unable to assume the passive and domestic gender roles expected of her, while in â€Å"The Company of Wolves†, the Little Red Riding Hood character is depicted as independent and fearless rather than a ‘typical’ female victim of the werewolf.At the end of both stories, the females also voluntarily enter into relationships with the ‘monsters’, claiming control over their own sexuality in defiance of the traditional gender roles. Female characters like these could only exist in a modern feminist or post-feminist context, and stand out as extremely divergent from the norm in society. Body â€Å"Wolf Alice† incorporates some of the elements of Snow White, Alice in Wonderland and Beauty and the Beast. Carter was always interested in the â€Å"’beat-marriage stories of the original fairy-tales†, and to the elements of ‘beastliness’ in all forms of sexuality (Makinen 1992).She was not simply portraying all males as beasts, rapists and monsters but rather making a more feminist statement that woman should take control over their sexual desires and â€Å"re-appropriate it as part of themselves† (Makinen 1992). Alice was raised by wolves and therefore could not speak, ran on all fours and preferred the night over day. In these characteristics, she retained all the â€Å"instinctual nature of her foster family† even after she has been sent to live with the nuns (Walker 77).As the nun-narrator explains â€Å"nothing about her is human except that she is not a wolf† (Wolf Alice 119). She is not even aware that she casts a reflection in the mirror, but believes it is another person. After teaching her some limited skills for nine days, the nuns decide that she really cannot be transformed back into a human, so they send her to the Duke’s castle. He is a nocturnal creature as well, who lives alone and feeds on the living and dead more like a ghoul than a werewolf or vampire.Alice performs domestic tasks for him, sweeping and making the bed, and â€Å"knows no better than to do his chores† (Wolf-Alice 120). Only with her menstruation does she begin to awaken to the fact that she is a female, since she knew nothing about these matters and the nuns certainly did not explain sexuality to her. At this time, she also becomes aware that her breasts are getting larger and begins to wear the old, discarded gowns that belonged to the Duke’s grandmother, although â€Å"she could not run so fast on two legs in petticoats† (Wolf Alice 124).After the Duke is injured during one of his nighttime forays, she begins to kiss his wound and thus transforms him back into a human â€Å"as if brought into being by her soft, moist, gentle tongue† (Wolf Alice 126). In â€Å"The Company of Wolves†, Carter subverts the â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood† tale b y having the female hero willingly join in a sexual relationship with the werewolf. In the traditional versions of the story, of course, the monster is killed by the heroic male hunter, and as Carter describes the legends being circulated in the village, this was the normal fate of werewolves.In Carter’s alternative reality, though, the heroine becomes a â€Å"partner in seduction† (Walker 77). Even before she met the werewolf, she was slowly awakening to her sexuality and her â€Å"breasts had just begun to swell† (Company of Wolves 113). She had heard all the stories about werewolves from the villagers and the dangers of walking alone in the forest, but â€Å"she has her knife and is afraid of nothing† (Company of Wolves 113). To be sure, the werewolf is also described as young, handsome and seductive, so much so the even the grandmother notices his unusually large penis just before he kills and eats  her.Carter was well-aware of the mixture of sexual ity and violence in this creature, and writes that the â€Å"last thing the old lady saw in all the world was a young man, eyes like cinders, naked as a stone, approaching her bed† (Company of Wolves 117). When Little Red Riding Hood enters the cottage, they engage in the expected dialogue about his big eyes and teeth, but she was not a passive victim and laughed at his threats, knowing that â€Å"she was nobody’s meat† (Company of Wolves 118).At the very end of the story, she goes to sleep â€Å"between the tender paws of the wolf† that has just devoured Granny (Company of Wolves 118). Conclusion In â€Å"Wolf Alice† and â€Å"The Company of Wolves†, Angela Carter completely subverted and revised the traditional female stereotypes and gender roles, making her women characters courageous, autonomous and sexually aware. Not all of her leftist and feminist critics agreed with this, however.She was also so frank in her depiction of raw female p ower and sexuality that in in 1987, the New Socialist asserted that Carter was â€Å"the high-priestess of post-graduate porn† (Makinen 1992). Patricia Duncker. Aneis Lewellan and other feminist scholars thought that she had been unable to revise the â€Å"conservative form† of fairy-tales and turn them into feminist literature (Makinen 1992). On the other hand, Charley Baker was correct in arguing that Carter was always exploring â€Å"ways in which women can retain control and defy the systems of oppression that attempt to place them in the role of passive victim† (Baker 76).Similarly, Charlotte Crafts found that Carter’s intention was to â€Å"deconstruct myths about femininity contained within the tales† and challenge the â€Å"patriarchal structures of fairy-tale from within† (Crafts 54-55). Wolf Alice and Little Red Riding Hood were fully autonomous and independent women, who behaved in ways that not even the monsters could have expect ed. Contrary to traditional gender roles and stereotypes they were never passive victim and sexual objects, but instead chose to become involved in relationships with the creatures.To put it mildly, these would most definitely not have been considered appropriate actions for women in the traditional fairy-tales, and both of Carter’s female characters stand completely apart from ‘conventional’ society for that reason. From a political viewpoint, such a recasting of this ultra-conservative and patriarchal genre would only have been possible in feminist era in which liberated and powerful female heroines actually became conceivable for the first time in history.

Saving the Planet, One Panel and Turbine at a Time Essay

Fossil fuels are starting to be a problem and are slowly killing the Earth. We have other sources which we can use to solve our problems. â€Å"Wind and sunshine are clean, emitting neither the pollutants that cause smog nor the carbon dioxide that contributes to climate change†(Ball n.p.). Renewable energy should replace fossil fuels, because they are cleaner, they have been already working, and they are helping Africa. Renewable energy should replace fossil fuels because they are cleaner. Fossil fuels are well known to poison the Earth. They may seem like a solution to our energy needs but they are doing more harm than good. Even though they are so toxic to the Earth we still have a while until we can completely switch to clean energy. â€Å"The†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Wind energy generates about 1.4 percent of the world’s electricity†(Ball n.p.). The U.S. is doing ok with renewable energy but it could put more resources into expanding our technology. â€Å"A 2012 study for world wildlife-Netherlands by Roland Berger Strategy Consultants ranked the U.S. 15th in clean-tech sales relative to gross domestic product, with only 0.3 percent of our economy based on clean-tech†(Yang n.p.). The U.S. has always tried to make itself number one. It would be logical to think that they would want to continue that tradition, even in the green technology field. The U.S. would ha ve to improve their clean technology to be respected on a global level. â€Å"Germany has had policies in place for decades that have resulted in the installation of somewhere around half of the world’s solar panels in its country- even though it has far less sun than places like California†(Yang n.p.). The U.S. contains several sunny places where photovoltaic cells could thrive. They would be able to catch tons of energy. Those places that receive massive amounts of sunlight are a gold mine of untapped renewable energy. â€Å"California is an excellent example of what the United States has the potential to become. The Golden State enacted the pioneering 2006 Global Warming Solutions Act, which sent unambiguous signals to the energy markets that the state is serious about combating climate change and that green technology will play a crucial role inShow MoreRelatedSolar Energy : A Positive Impact On Today s Society1943 Words   |  8 Pagespositive impact on todayâ⠂¬â„¢s society by making the world have less pollution. Solar power is the efficient way of saving energy for the better of our planet. There are many effective ways to change how we use energy and save fossil fuels, such as, turning gas powered cars into electric cars, using solar panels to run off of the power of the sun, instead of using electricity, and using wind turbines which are only being powered by wind, causing no natural resources to be used up. Solar power is a very effectiveRead MoreReusable Energy : Solution For Our Fossil Fuel Crisis978 Words   |  4 Pageswalk to school on a super cold day if you lived a mile away? How will our school provide heat in the winter? Our rich black gold is running out! Where will people get our power from? According to dictionary.com, reusable energy is defined as saving our planet with less money. Without energy sources we won t be able to get electricity or power our cars. We won t be able to do things we do today. We would go bac k to 1785 where there were just candles as our source of light. We won t be able toRead MoreRenewable Energy For The Changing World1600 Words   |  7 Pagesthe world’s pollution. Usage of fossil fuels has increasingly contributed to the CO2 emissions, which is polluting our environment. It is destroying natural habitats and causing an increase in health problems. If our harmful methods continue, our planet will eventually become uninhabitable. Fossil fuels are considered a nonrenewable resource, which means we are required to find a new and clean renewable energy source. These new energy sources must be readily available for the world’s energy demandsRead MoreShould we go Green or Black?709 Words   |  3 Pagesor black? It is high times that we have to decide upon to which color we cling on to –green or black. Before that, we have to decide on about ourselves and our future generations. Are we expecting to see our sons and daughters to prosper or perish? I hope no parents will like to see their children perish, but to see them having more comfortable life than they had. So, we have to be green, not only for us, but also for our future generations and thus to save our mother planet. In this era of technologyRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1427 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans would agree that global warming is a real threat to our planet, and that implementing alternative energy sources is a major step to combating the effects of it. Yet, only 4% of American homeowners have residential solar panels installed, and only 40% have even considered the option (6). It is a widespread myth that solar panels are only for the rich, and should be considered a luxury. While It turns out that solar panels have become increasingly affordable for the middle class over theRead MoreUse Of Nonrenewable Resources On Energy Consumption1720 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the next several hundred years, scientists predict planet Earth will meet its demis e if humans fail to change their methods of energy consumption (Stehr). Right now, 192 out of 195 countries are using nonrenewable resources as their main source of energy (Shahan). The problem with this is that coal and oil are nonrenewable resources meaning once they are gone, they do not get replenished. These fossil fuels also emit high concentrations of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere when burned andRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Wind Energy Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesAs awareness of global warming is raised, many alternative actions have been taken to help prevent this problem. Wind energy is one alternative solution that we use today in our society to fight global warming. However, there are many people who are sceptical about how effective this method is. Is wind energy an important part of fighting global warming? Global warming is the increase in the Earths temperature caused by human activities, such as burning coal, oil and natural gas. This releases gasesRead M oreThe Issue Of The Green Movement1342 Words   |  6 PagesThis has to be one of the most important issues of the current times because life as we know it will never be the same if something isn t done. The problem is that we as humans are naturally selfish, so we think that we aren’t the problem. But the truth is we are, mostly to due with our greediness. We over-consume as a whole, we waste too much, we feel entitled and better than others, the list goes on and on. The fact of the matter is that there is no need for us to be all of this. We should feelRead MoreEssay about Renewable Vs. Non-Renewable Energy Resources1748 Words   |  7 Pagescomputers, televisions, lights, and cars. Imagine a planet so polluted that smog is in the air so bad that one cannot see very far, lakes and streams are poisoned, and land so badly scarred from people trying to find more energy sources. One day this may be a reality if we do not do something to change how we use our energy resources. This may be the case if society keeps using non-renewable energy resources at its current consumption rate. Our saving grace may be the development and use of using renewableRead MoreFossil Fuels : The Source Of Energy2902 Words   |  12 Pagesprovider of energy is starting to become more realistic than relying on fossil fuels. Although it may cost more to construct the technology for these sources, in the long run, they end up saving the consumer more money than fossil fuels do. These sources are starting to become more and more used throughout the planet and pretty soon, they may be the only source of energy that people have. Although fossil fuels are the more popular source of energy to the world as a whole, there is another

Pictures and Profiles of Prehistoric Amphibians

The Seven Commandments I Consider Most Important in Our...

In this paper I am going to state seven commandments that I think is most important in our society. The seven commandments in Animal Farm were based on animal rights and what not to do so that they avoid acting like humans. These commandments however changed later in the story so it was very hypocritical. My commandments will be basic rules and will not change under any circumstances. The first rule and most important commandment in my opinion is to treat others the way you want to be treated. This is a very basic and well known unwritten rule but yet not many people abide by this rule. People tend to treat others as if they are of less importance or of lower class. Everyone is equal and everyone has the same rights so nobody should feel†¦show more content†¦It is actually very hard to be completely honest all the time and in every situation. But I believe that being honest can be very rewarding in the end because you are not deceiving others or yourself which is beneficial to you and society. My fifth commandment is to always be open-minded. Approaching new situations with an open mind can help you find a solution or get adjusted faster. Even when you think you are right, you should still listen to other people’s opinions respectively. There’s always a possibility that you can be wrong so always be humble and always be open-minded. My sixth commandment is to honor your father and mother. They are the people who brought you into this world and gave you life so no matter the relationship you have with them, always respect and honor them. Appreciate the fact that they have raised you and gave everything they had to help you succeed and become who you are today. For some families however it may not be that way but there is still no excuse to disrespect your parents, you may distant yourself from them if abuse or violation is involved but still respect them because in the end, they are still your parents. My final commandment is â€Å"Do not kill anyone†. Nobody has the right to take another persons life away unless extreme danger is provoked against them. Everyone has the right to live their life and for a person to take that away with something as simple as aShow MoreRelatedEssay on George Orwells Animal Farm1038 Words   |  5 Pagessupreme leader? The animals of Manor Farm know all these feelings. They want a community for the animals, by the animals, where all are equal and work is done for the good of the animals. Old Major, a wise old pig, holds this view of the perfect society for animals, free from human oppression. He gathers the animals of the Manor Farm for a meeting in the big barn. He and tells the others about his dream for a better life for all, and says it cannot be reached until Mr. Jones, the owner of Manor FarmRead MoreAnswer Booklet Judaism7864 Words   |  32 Pagesreligions, Judaism is important because not only the history but also many of the basic beliefs are part of the history and basic beliefs of two other major world religions: Christianity and Islam. All three of these religions are grouped to make the Semitic religions, sometimes called Abrahamic because of the importance of Abraham in the history of each. When Abram was ninety-nine years old, the Lord appeared to him and said, I am God Almighty; walk before me and be blameless. I will confirm my covenantRead MoreThe Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster2261 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"In the beginning there was the Word, and the Word was ‘Arrrgh!’†. These famous lines taken from Piraticus 13:7 are the first words you will see in the Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. Many do not know what exactly Pastafarianism is, and so I am here to spread the Word! Pastafarians stand for all that is good, and are against all that is bad. What more could someone ask for? The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, while having existed in secrecy for millions of years only recently cameRead MoreEssay on A Christians View of Marriage1318 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferences in opinions. However, sometimes a variety of different circumstances can affect the longevity of a marriage. For example adultery is considered as a valid reason for a divorce as it is the breaking of one of the Ten Commandments, as Jesus taught â€Å"if a man divorces a woman for any other cause than her unfaithfulness, then he is guilty of making her commit adultery if she marries again† (Matthew 5:32). Another reason people may use to claim life long marriageRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam1544 Words   |  7 Pages they overlap, and share common principles of justice and progress, tolerance and the dignity of all human beings† (Barack Obama). For many decades, in most cultures, religious practice has been a controversial issue, because each religion competes demonstrating that their practices are the true path to God. Religious tolerance is very important because followers should be free to choose their own religion. Some religions are tolerant of other religious groups, however, there are always disagreementsRead More Hinduism Vs. Judaism Essay2896 Words   |  12 PagesI love you when you bow in your mosque, kneel in your temple, pray in your church. For you and I are sons of one religion, and it is the spirit. Kahlil Gibran All religions are similar in a manner, appreciating life, doing good, respecting others..etc yet they still have their differences, the differences that gives it, its uniqueness. And the person practising it, his individuality. Religion is defined as A set of beliefs, values, and practices based on the teachings of a spiritual beingRead More The Theme of Religion in Angela’s Ashes Essays2382 Words   |  10 PagesThe Theme of Religion in Angela’s Ashes Throughout the novel, religion is presented as being of extreme importance in Irish society, influencing the beliefs and actions of the characters. I will attempt to highlight the several factors which I believe make up the presentation of religion in â€Å"Angela’s Ashes†. From the beginning of the book, religion is said to make up a large part of the unhappy childhood Frank suffered. The following quote shows the extent of Frank’s sentiments: â€Å"WorseRead MorePower Corrupts and Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely2410 Words   |  10 Pageshand in hand with corruption has been brought to our attention in devastating scenes of destruction, turmoil and moments which will never be forgotten. But do these moments conclude that power eventually leads to corruption? Are there events over the past 100 years or more which argue this fact? In this essay I will discuss my own opinion on this topic looking at crucial figure heads in history, Hitler, Gandhi and more recent activities within politics. I will also explore the opinions of noted writersRead MoreIntegrative Paper : Understanding God s World Essay3291 Words   |  14 Pagesare questions I wished to answer when I first registered for the Intro to Christian Studies course, offered here at CalBaptist University. I soon realized that I would have a lot to learn in regard to God’s Gospel, and how that message related to the various nations of the world. When I began this class, my perception of â€Å"God’s Nations† was fairly vague and hardly represented any true significance for the concept. Yet, throughout a semester of studying God’s Word, being made aware of our earth’s currentRead MoreHistory and Misinterpretations of Islam2740 Words   |  11 PagesIslam is a widespread religion that is represented in over fifty-seven countries around the world. Muslims primarily originated from the Middle East with great populations in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. This dominant religion around the globe makes up the second largest religion behind Christianity. Much of this prevalence is due to the diversity of Islamic practices under Sunni and Shii, which vary in different parts of the world. Just as Judaism and Christianity, Islamic religion

Chemistry Lab Report free essay sample

An acid-base titration is a procedure used in quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of either an acid or a base. Titration is the slow addition of an acid (or a base) of known concentration from a burette (a narrow graduated cylinder) to a base (or an acid) of unknown concentration fin an Erlenmeyer flask. There are two types of acids: strong acid and weak acid, and also two types of bases: strong base and weak base. Therefore four types of acid-base titrations are possible: strong acid-strong base, strong base-weak acid, weak acid-strong base and strong acid-weak base titrations. Acid + Base Salt + Water The end point occurs when the stoichiometric amount of base (or acid) has been added to the acid (or the base). The end point is frequently detected using a visual indicator. An acid-base indicator is a substance, which changes colour with pH. Objective The main objective is to discover/determine the unknown acid sample using titration method and to calculate volume to neutralize acid sample. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The aim of the experiment is to determine the molarity and percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar solution through titration method, using standard solution— sodium hydroxide solution. The standardization of sodium hydroxide solution uses KHP solution and also phenolphthalein (an acid-base indicator). The calculation selection is using formula of Stoichiometry and others. The aim of the experiments is also to learn the ways to conduct experiment safe and properly, and the importance of teamwork and leading skill. Hypothesis In part A When sodium hydroxide solution is prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide pellets with distilled water, colourless solution will be observed. In part B If 3-5 drops of phenolphthalein are added to 20 mL of 0. 1 M KHP solution, a pink solution will be found. The prepared sodium hydroxide solution is added from burette into the KHP solution in the flask and it is swirled constantly during the process.

Dignity in Nursing

Question: What is it ? Why is it important? What policies and guidelines relates to it? Answer: Dignity in nursing referes to handling clients with respect and worthiness regardless of cultural, social, racial and religious background. It involves considering the patients views, values, need for privacy, confidentiality, and wishes in the effort to maintain their autonomy, diversity as well as prevent them from humiliation and embarrassment (Bailli Matiti, 2013). Maintaining dignity by all health care providers is essential as it generally ensures the patients emotional and psychological well-being, self-concept and sustenance of self-esteem which are some of the key factors that determine ones wellness. On the other hand, it increases the patients comfort, ensures quality service delivery, increased satisfaction with both the client and the health care provider and overall better outcome. According to the Nursing and Midwifery Code (NMC) (2016), nurses and midwives are supposed to provide care based on the patients needs and at the best interest of their clients in order to always preserve their dignity. Patients should not be treated with discrimination but with kindness, compassion, respect and upholding of all human rights and rights of the patient. Nurses and other health service providers are supposed to employ effective communication skills when communicating with their clients and practice with the guidance of best available evidence. In orde to preserve dignity in trauma, one is expected to provide services while being considerate of the physical, psychological and social impacts of the trauma. Recognition of when individuals are distressed and responding with politeness and compassion assures them of their worthiness. According to Lesley Baillie (2009), some patient conditions may affect the patients privacy as it depends on the nature of service they require and how urgent it is. Thus in some instances, health care providers may respond to the clients condition without seeking consent but still ensuring patient needs are met. During accident and emergency, nurses should provide critical care and respond to emergencies within the limits of their competencies as it is a measure of safety for self and their clients. This is a form of honesty and integrity that promotes the dignity of clients, professionalism, and trust from both the clients and colleagues. As patient advocates, nurses should always cooperate with colleagues, identify and reduce risks to the patient. Additionally, sexual abuse victims should be offered professional counseling, treated with haste and provided with guidance on how to handle the matter legally. Information regarding the patient should be confidential and only to be shared with third parties as relatives and health care providers when necessary and if the law allows. The nurse should act as the clients advocate who is vulnerable to ensure they are provided care with indiscrimination and without intimidation (Richardson, 2013). References Baillie, L., Matiti, M 2013, Dignity, equality, and diversity: An exploration of how discriminatory behavior of healthcare workers affects patient dignity, Diversity, and Equality in Health and Care,10,1, 5-12. Lesley Baillie, 2009, Patient dignity in an acute hospital setting: A case study, International Journal of Nursing Studies 46 2337. NMC and Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2016, The code professional standards of practice and behavior for nurses and midwives nursing and Midwifery council,' Richardson, H 2013, Patient dignity, A picture of compassionate care, The Health Service Journal,123,6372, 22-3.